pseudo-verb used to indicate quoted speech

Dupaningan

Reid 1971

to say

Reid 1976, Reid p.c.

pause word used to fill in when the speaker cannot think of the right word; um, well

Wolff 1972

to say, tell something

Ballard 2011

what one says, one’s word; quotative verb, he said, etc.

Ballard 2011

particle of interrogation, the question being made to obtain a clarification of a doubt, or to elicit an answer

Lambrecht 1978

to take offense

Neumann 1951

to speak

Neumann 1951

as for, regarding, concerning

hesitation form

McKaughan and Macaraya 1967

said, though (followed by attributive particle or pronoun)

Benton 1971

an expression of indefiniteness very much used to fill up a gap in speech; equivalent to the English “so-and-so”, some person not named, or “what do you call it” for something not named

Panganiban 1966

thingamajig, thingamabob, what’s-it (a word used for whatever one cannot immediately or exactly express, but is usually understood)

Hassan, Ashley and Ashley 1994

what is said, thought or intended

Schwarz 1908

so-and-so, that way

Rau, Dong, et al. 2012, Tsuchida 1987

to say

Rau, Dong, et al. 2012, Tsuchida 1987

what else to do

Rau, Dong, et al. 2012, Tsuchida 1987